2003 FE Task Analysis Survey Results

Survey of the Responsibilities of Sonographers
in the Fetal Echocardiography Specialty 2003

# of Members	Opt-in/Opt-out
224	(40.7%)
327	(59.3%)

[1] What is your year of birth?

# of Answers		Choice
(0.0%)	0	1920
(0.0%)	0	1921
(0.0%)	0	1922
(0.0%)	0	1923
(0.0%)	0	1924
(0.0%)	0	1925
(0.0%)	0	1926
(0.0%)	0	1927
(0.0%)	0	1928
(0.0%)	0	1929
(0.0%)	0	1930
(0.0%)	0	1931
(0.0%)	0	1932
(0.0%)	0	1933
(0.0%)	0	1934
(0.0%)	0	1935
(0.0%)	0	1936
(0.3%)	1	1937
(0.0%)	0	1938
(0.0%)	0	1939
(0.0%)	0	1940
(0.3%)	1	1941
(0.0%)	0	1942
(0.9%)	3	1943
(0.0%)	0	1944
(0.6%)	2	1945
(0.9%)	3	1946
(1.2%)	4	1947
(1.9%)	6	1948
(1.2%)	4	1949
(0.9%)	3	1950
(4.7%)	15	1951
(4.4%)	14	1952
(3.4%)	11	1953
(5.9%)	19	1954
(4.7%)	15	1955
(4.7%)	15	1956
(5.6%)	18	1957
(4.7%)	15	1958
(5.0%)	16	1959
(3.4%)	11	1960
(4.4%)	14	1961
(1.6%)	5	1962
(5.3%)	17	1963
(3.7%)	12	1964
(3.4%)	11	1965
(1.9%)	6	1966
(2.5%)	8	1967
(3.4%)	11	1968
(1.9%)	6	1969
(3.4%)	11	1970
(1.6%)	5	1971
(2.8%)	9	1972
(2.5%)	8	1973
(1.2%)	4	1974
(1.6%)	5	1975
(1.2%)	4	1976
(0.9%)	3	1977
(0.6%)	2	1978
(0.9%)	3	1979
(0.3%)	1	1980
(0.0%)	0	1981
(0.0%)	0	1982
(0.0%)	0	1983
(0.0%)	0	1984
(0.0%)	0	1985
(0.0%)	0	1986
(0.0%)	0	1987
(0.0%)	0	1988
(0.0%)	0	1989
(0.0%)	0	1990
321		total responses

[2] What is your gender?

# of Answers		Choice
(75.9%)	243	Female
(24.1%)	77	Male
320		total responses

[3] What is your zip code or postal code?

# of Answers	Answer
1	00953
1	01504
1	01527
1	01760
1	01824
1	02059
1	02176
1	02351
1	02446
1	02465
1	02632
1	03257
1	03748
1	03825
1	06278
1	06340
1	06460
1	06488
1	06615
1	06782
1	07002
1	07068
1	07076
1	07095
1	08012
1	08846
1	100 380
1	10016
1	10023
1	10312
1	10507
1	10518
1	10989
1	11230
1	11355
1	11569
1	11714
1	11731
1	11743
1	11801
1	12065
1	12158
1	13039
1	13108
1	14623
1	14624
1	14772
1	15005
1	15215
1	15664
1	17821
1	19072
1	19073
1	19118
1	19119
1	19152
1	19355
1	19702
1	20171
1	20850
1	20855
1	21044
1	21108
1	21144
1	22312
1	2282
1	23225
1	23235
1	23322
1	23454
1	24153
1	25840
1	27023
1	27713
1	27858
1	28227
1	28412
1	28570
1	28590
1	28732
1	29376
1	29466
1	29609
1	29649
1	30096
1	30252
1	30904
1	30909
1	31907
1	32503
1	32539
2	32712
1	32779
1	32806
1	33131
1	33162
1	33196
1	33324
1	33433
1	33565
1	33569
1	33626
1	33901
1	33914
1	34120
1	37020
1	37659
1	37660
2	38138
1	39046
1	40503
1	40508
1	41005
1	41129
1	41643
1	43026
1	43065
1	43204
1	43235
1	43362
1	43560
1	43615
1	44116
1	44123
1	45219
1	45244
1	45459
1	46342
1	46383
1	46385
1	47714
1	48108
1	48118
1	48152
1	48170
1	48307
1	49080
1	49302
1	49779
1	50701
1	50703-1052
1	52240
1	52245
1	52333
1	52402
1	52411
1	52726
1	52804
1	53150
2	53185
1	53711
1	54220
3	54449
1	54915
1	55121
1	55311
1	55331
1	55350
1	55372
1	55803
1	55906
1	56308
1	57103
2	57110
1	59102
1	59601
1	60090
1	60101
1	60107
1	60120
1	60126
1	60195
1	60451
1	60564
1	61201
1	61550
1	61571
1	61615
1	61830
1	61920
1	62707
1	63028
1	63090
1	63119
1	63128
1	63366
1	64083
1	64804
1	65807
2	66049
1	66203
2	66210
1	68114
1	68144
1	68506
1	70001
1	70075
1	70817
1	71234
1	72012
1	72714
2	73003
1	75023-7108
1	75081
1	76036
1	76530
1	76579
1	77055
1	77399
1	77573
1	77705
1	78240
1	78251
1	78602
1	79363
1	79415
1	79423
1	79821
2	79904
1	80005
1	80012
1	80130
1	80487
1	80602
1	80909
1	80918
1	83642
1	83705
1	83814
1	84025
1	84106
1	84109
1	85207
1	85225
1	85304
1	85338
1	85365
1	85715
1	85716
1	86004
1	87110
1	89074
1	89509
1	90508
1	90717
1	91104
1	91354
1	91602
1	91604
1	91701
1	91945
1	92024
1	92108
1	92602
1	92656
1	92840
1	93614
1	93622
1	94041
1	94043
1	94044
1	94112
1	94539
1	94558
1	95014
1	95118
1	95129
1	95307
1	95403
1	95746
1	95758
1	96734
1	9722
1	97221
1	97229
1	97232
1	97401
1	97701
1	97702
1	98001
1	98031
1	98075
1	98105
1	99205
1	99206
1	B3H 4N1
1	K0A3H0
1	K4A1N2
1	k8n4z4
1	l3m3h8
1	L4C3G8
1	L5B3Z9
1	L7T2M1
1	L9C6C7
1	M2H-1W6
1	m4c 3p5
1	M5M3A6
1	N3P1S8
1	N3W 1L8
1	n8t1v2
1	N8W 4L7
1	R0G1M0
1	R2C 0A3
1	r2e0g9
1	R2L 1Y1
1	T2E 5W8
1	T5N3M7
1	t6v1n8
1	T8H 1G3
1	V4E 2R9
1	V8Z-2X5
1	V^R3A^
322	total responses

[4] Education or training in Ultrasound:

# of Answers		Choice
(7.2%)	23	On-the-job training with no formalized courses
(27.6%)	88	On-the-job training, including short courses(1-2 months or less), workshops, etc.
(13.8%)	44	CAAHEP approved hospital-based program, graduating with a certificate
(16.0%)	51	CAAHEP approved school/college-based program with a certificate and/or AA/AS (2 years)
(3.8%)	12	Non-CAAHEP hospital-based program, graduating with a certificate
(26.0%)	83	School/college graduating with Associate/Bachelor's degree (2 years or more)
(5.6%)	18	Other
319		total responses

[5] Formal allied health training prior to entry into the sonography field (mark all that apply):

# of Answers		Choice
(15.6%)	50	Cardiovascular Technology
(11.9%)	38	Electrocardiography
(2.8%)	9	Hospital Corpsman
(1.9%)	6	Laboratory Technologist
(4.1%)	13	Medical Assistant
(5.3%)	17	Medical School
(3.4%)	11	Medical Technology
(0.0%)	0	Midwifery
(2.8%)	9	Non-Invasive Vascular Technology
(2.2%)	7	Nuclear Medicine
(0.6%)	2	Nurse Practitioner
(0.9%)	3	Nursing (LPN)
(3.8%)	12	Nursing (RN)
(0.0%)	0	Ophthalmic Technologist
(0.3%)	1	Physician's Assistant
(0.0%)	0	Radiation Therapy
(39.7%)	127	Radiology
(5.0%)	16	Respiratory Therapy
(0.0%)	0	Surgical Technologist
(9.7%)	31	Other
(17.2%)	55	No allied health training
320		total responses

[6] Employed in Sonography:

# of Answers		Choice
(76.8%)	245	Full time (35 hours or more per week)
(18.8%)	60	Part time (16-34 hours per week)
(4.4%)	14	Less than 15 hours per week
319		total responses

[7] Specialty areas in which you have received ARDMS certification (mark all that apply):

# of Answers		Choice
(49.4%)	158	Abdomen
(56.6%)	181	Adult Echocardiography
(2.8%)	9	Breast
(11.6%)	37	Neurosonology
(56.9%)	182	Obstetrics/Gynecology
(0.9%)	3	Ophthalmology
(63.8%)	204	Pediatric Echocardiography
(18.8%)	60	Vascular Technology
320		total responses

[8] Length of time practicing fetal echocardiography:

# of Answers		Choice
(10.3%)	33	Not at all
(10.3%)	33	Less than 1 year
(11.9%)	38	1 to 2 years
(22.5%)	72	3 to 5 years
(16.9%)	54	6 to 10 years
(28.1%)	90	More than 10 years
320		total responses

[9] Length of time you have been practicing any type of cardiac ultrasound:

# of Answers		Choice
(9.7%)	31	Not at all
(2.5%)	8	Less than 1 year
(3.1%)	10	1 to 2 years
(12.5%)	40	3 to 5 years
(15.7%)	50	6 to 10 years
(56.4%)	180	More than 10 years
319		total responses

[10] Length of time you have been practicing obstectrical ultrasound:

# of Answers		Choice
(38.2%)	122	Not at all
(2.8%)	9	Less than 1 year
(3.4%)	11	1 to 2 years
(9.4%)	30	3 to 5 years
(12.2%)	39	6 to 10 years
(33.9%)	108	More than 10 years
319		total responses

[11] How many fetal echocardiograms are performed per year in your institution:

# of Answers		Choice
(44.0%)	139	0-50
(14.6%)	46	51-100
(13.6%)	43	101-250
(13.6%)	43	251-500
(14.2%)	45	500+
316		total responses

[12] Principal place of employment (mark one):

# of Answers		Choice
(11.7%)	37	Clinic
(5.4%)	17	Freelance/Self-employed
(5.4%)	17	Government Hospital--City
(1.6%)	5	Government Hospital--Federal
(1.9%)	6	Government Hospital--State
(1.6%)	5	Insurance owned or operated clinic (HMO)
(3.2%)	10	Mobile services
(27.0%)	85	Non-Governmental Community Hospital
(13.7%)	43	Private Practice
(22.5%)	71	University Medical Center
(6.0%)	19	Other
315		total responses

[13] Department in which you are employed (mark one):

# of Answers		Choice
(12.9%)	41	Adult Cardiology
(12.9%)	41	Diagnostic Imaging
(0.0%)	0	Internal Medicine
(0.0%)	0	Neonatology
(0.0%)	0	Neurology
(0.0%)	0	Nuclear Medicine
(6.9%)	22	Obstetrics/Gynecology
(30.5%)	97	Pediatric Cardiology
(0.3%)	1	Pediatrics
(7.2%)	23	Perinatology/Maternal fetal medicine
(4.7%)	15	Radiology
(0.0%)	0	Surgery
(17.3%)	55	Ultrasound
(0.9%)	3	Vascular
(6.3%)	20	Other
318		total responses

[14] Types of ultrasound exams you have performed within the last year (mark all that apply):

# of Answers		Choice
(40.9%)	130	Abdomen
(56.0%)	178	Adult Echocardiography
(25.5%)	81	Breast
(77.4%)	246	Fetal Echocardiography
(20.1%)	64	Intra-operative Procedures
(18.6%)	59	Neonatal Brain
(48.7%)	155	OB/Gyn
(0.6%)	2	Ophthalmic
(27.0%)	86	Pediatric Abdomen/Pelvis
(62.9%)	200	Pediatric Echocardiography
(34.6%)	110	Small Parts (e.g. scrotum, thyroid)
(39.6%)	126	Vascular
(10.7%)	34	Other
318		total responses

[15] What percentage of ultrasound exams that you have performed within the last year were fetal echocardiograms?:

# of Answers		Choice
(15.5%)	49	0%
(71.5%)	226	1-25%
(9.5%)	30	26-50%
(2.8%)	9	51-75%
(0.6%)	2	76-99%
(0.0%)	0	100%
316		total responses

[16] The physician who INTERPRETS the majority of my ultrasound exams is a/an (mark all that apply):

# of Answers		Choice
(23.2%)	73	Cardiologist
(0.3%)	1	Family Practitioner
(2.5%)	8	Internist
(11.1%)	35	Obstetrician/Gynecologist
(50.5%)	159	Pediatric Cardiologist
(0.0%)	0	Pediatrician
(11.7%)	37	Perinatologist/Maternal fetal medicine
(31.7%)	100	Radiologist
(1.9%)	6	Surgeon
(0.6%)	2	Other
315		total responses

[17] Approximate NUMBER of Pediatric Echocardiograms performed and/or supervised in the PAST MONTH:

# of Answers		Choice
(49.2%)	155	0-10
(17.8%)	56	11-50
(14.0%)	44	51-100
(19.0%)	60	more than 100
315		total responses

[18] Approximate NUMBER of Fetal Echocardiograms performed and/or supervised in the PAST MONTH:

# of Answers		Choice
(69.1%)	217	0-10
(25.5%)	80	11-50
(4.8%)	15	51-100
(0.6%)	2	more than 100
314		total responses

[19] Approximate NUMBER of Obstetrical ultrasounds performed and/or supervised in the PAST MONTH:

# of Answers		Choice
(57.2%)	179	0-10
(17.6%)	55	11-50
(12.5%)	39	51-100
(12.8%)	40	more than 100
313		total responses

[20] Approximate NUMBER of Adult Echocardiograms performed and/or supervised in the PAST MONTH:

# of Answers		Choice
(56.5%)	179	0-10
(13.9%)	44	11-50
(12.9%)	41	51-100
(16.7%)	53	more than 100
317		total responses

Approximate percentage of time spent in each of the following activities.

[21] Clinical

# of Answers		Choice
(0.3%)	1	0%
(6.3%)	20	1-25%
(8.3%)	26	26-50%
(19.0%)	60	51-75%
(46.0%)	145	76-99%
(20.0%)	63	100%
315		total responses

[22] Administrative

# of Answers		Choice
(34.6%)	109	0%
(54.6%)	172	1-25%
(7.9%)	25	26-50%
(2.5%)	8	51-75%
(0.3%)	1	76-99%
(0.0%)	0	100%
315		total responses

[23] Teaching/Academic

# of Answers		Choice
(31.0%)	98	0%
(55.4%)	175	1-25%
(8.2%)	26	26-50%
(2.2%)	7	51-75%
(1.9%)	6	76-99%
(1.3%)	4	100%
316		total responses

[24] Research

# of Answers		Choice
(68.6%)	216	0%
(29.2%)	92	1-25%
(1.6%)	5	26-50%
(0.3%)	1	51-75%
(0.0%)	0	76-99%
(0.3%)	1	100%
315		total responses

When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you use or supervise the use of the following:

Transducer Selection

[25] Select among transducers of different frequencies, diameters, or focal properties.

# of Answers		Choice
(11.9%)	36	0%
(16.9%)	51	1-25%
(7.9%)	24	26-50%
(8.6%)	26	51-75%
(12.3%)	37	76-99%
(42.4%)	128	100%
302		total responses

[26] Use more than one transducer frequency during a single patient exam.

# of Answers		Choice
(11.0%)	33	0%
(29.7%)	89	1-25%
(19.3%)	58	26-50%
(17.0%)	51	51-75%
(13.3%)	40	76-99%
(9.7%)	29	100%
300		total responses

[27] Select a focal depth of an electronically focused array.

# of Answers		Choice
(10.9%)	33	0%
(13.9%)	42	1-25%
(7.9%)	24	26-50%
(10.6%)	32	51-75%
(16.2%)	49	76-99%
(40.6%)	123	100%
303		total responses

When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you use or supervise the use of the following controls:

[28] Output (power)

# of Answers		Choice
(23.3%)	70	0%
(22.0%)	66	1-25%
(8.3%)	25	26-50%
(4.3%)	13	51-75%
(13.0%)	39	76-99%
(29.0%)	87	100%
300		total responses

[29] Overall gain

# of Answers		Choice
(8.0%)	24	0%
(8.0%)	24	1-25%
(8.3%)	25	26-50%
(9.7%)	29	51-75%
(15.0%)	45	76-99%
(51.0%)	153	100%
300		total responses

[30] Time gain compensation

# of Answers		Choice
(7.7%)	23	0%
(8.4%)	25	1-25%
(10.4%)	31	26-50%
(8.7%)	26	51-75%
(12.7%)	38	76-99%
(52.2%)	156	100%
299		total responses

[31] Pre-processing parameters

# of Answers		Choice
(18.1%)	54	0%
(23.4%)	70	1-25%
(13.0%)	39	26-50%
(11.0%)	33	51-75%
(8.4%)	25	76-99%
(26.1%)	78	100%
299		total responses

[32] Post-processing parameters

# of Answers		Choice
(23.1%)	69	0%
(24.4%)	73	1-25%
(11.4%)	34	26-50%
(11.0%)	33	51-75%
(9.4%)	28	76-99%
(20.7%)	62	100%
299		total responses

[33] Dynamic range

# of Answers		Choice
(16.3%)	49	0%
(25.0%)	75	1-25%
(13.0%)	39	26-50%
(11.0%)	33	51-75%
(9.3%)	28	76-99%
(25.3%)	76	100%
300		total responses

[34] Reject/Compression

# of Answers		Choice
(24.0%)	72	0%
(23.3%)	70	1-25%
(13.3%)	40	26-50%
(9.3%)	28	51-75%
(8.7%)	26	76-99%
(21.3%)	64	100%
300		total responses

[35] Field of view

# of Answers		Choice
(9.3%)	28	0%
(11.0%)	33	1-25%
(8.3%)	25	26-50%
(10.0%)	30	51-75%
(17.3%)	52	76-99%
(44.0%)	132	100%
300		total responses

[36] Magnification/depth display

# of Answers		Choice
(6.7%)	20	0%
(4.0%)	12	1-25%
(6.4%)	19	26-50%
(10.0%)	30	51-75%
(22.1%)	66	76-99%
(50.8%)	152	100%
299		total responses

[37] Focal zone position

# of Answers		Choice
(7.0%)	21	0%
(4.7%)	14	1-25%
(8.0%)	24	26-50%
(8.7%)	26	51-75%
(19.0%)	57	76-99%
(52.7%)	158	100%
300		total responses

[38] Controls which affect frame rate

# of Answers		Choice
(13.1%)	39	0%
(15.8%)	47	1-25%
(12.1%)	36	26-50%
(8.8%)	26	51-75%
(15.2%)	45	76-99%
(35.0%)	104	100%
297		total responses

[39] M-mode sweep speed

# of Answers		Choice
(16.1%)	48	0%
(25.8%)	77	1-25%
(13.4%)	40	26-50%
(11.7%)	35	51-75%
(10.1%)	30	76-99%
(22.8%)	68	100%
298		total responses

[40] Display brightness

# of Answers		Choice
(20.7%)	62	0%
(29.0%)	87	1-25%
(10.0%)	30	26-50%
(9.3%)	28	51-75%
(9.0%)	27	76-99%
(22.0%)	66	100%
300		total responses

[41] Display contrast

# of Answers		Choice
(20.9%)	62	0%
(31.6%)	94	1-25%
(12.5%)	37	26-50%
(7.4%)	22	51-75%
(7.4%)	22	76-99%
(20.2%)	60	100%
297		total responses

[42] Sample volume size

# of Answers		Choice
(15.1%)	45	0%
(23.2%)	69	1-25%
(12.4%)	37	26-50%
(11.7%)	35	51-75%
(12.4%)	37	76-99%
(25.2%)	75	100%
298		total responses

[43] Doppler angle correction (for cardiac evaluation)

# of Answers		Choice
(45.2%)	135	0%
(21.1%)	63	1-25%
(7.7%)	23	26-50%
(6.7%)	20	51-75%
(7.0%)	21	76-99%
(12.4%)	37	100%
299		total responses

[44] Controls affecting Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF)

# of Answers		Choice
(18.2%)	54	0%
(21.3%)	63	1-25%
(12.2%)	36	26-50%
(8.4%)	25	51-75%
(13.9%)	41	76-99%
(26.0%)	77	100%
296		total responses

[45] Baseline shift/Doppler scale display

# of Answers		Choice
(12.0%)	36	0%
(12.4%)	37	1-25%
(11.0%)	33	26-50%
(7.7%)	23	51-75%
(17.1%)	51	76-99%
(39.8%)	119	100%
299		total responses

[46] Color flow sampling size area

# of Answers		Choice
(10.7%)	32	0%
(9.0%)	27	1-25%
(7.4%)	22	26-50%
(10.0%)	30	51-75%
(20.4%)	61	76-99%
(42.5%)	127	100%
299		total responses

[47] Doppler Gain

# of Answers		Choice
(9.4%)	28	0%
(11.4%)	34	1-25%
(10.4%)	31	26-50%
(8.1%)	24	51-75%
(19.9%)	59	76-99%
(40.7%)	121	100%
297		total responses

[48] Variance

# of Answers		Choice
(38.6%)	115	0%
(23.8%)	71	1-25%
(11.7%)	35	26-50%
(11.1%)	33	51-75%
(5.7%)	17	76-99%
(9.1%)	27	100%
298		total responses

[49] Wall filters

# of Answers		Choice
(30.3%)	90	0%
(33.7%)	100	1-25%
(11.8%)	35	26-50%
(6.4%)	19	51-75%
(7.7%)	23	76-99%
(10.1%)	30	100%
297		total responses

[50] Packet size

# of Answers		Choice
(34.7%)	103	0%
(31.0%)	92	1-25%
(11.1%)	33	26-50%
(6.4%)	19	51-75%
(6.1%)	18	76-99%
(10.8%)	32	100%
297		total responses

PHYSICIAN INTERACTION

How often do you:

[51] Interact with the referring physician as to the fetal echocardiographic indications

# of Answers		Choice
(20.2%)	59	0%
(29.8%)	87	1-25%
(12.0%)	35	26-50%
(7.2%)	21	51-75%
(9.6%)	28	76-99%
(21.2%)	62	100%
292		total responses

[52] Interact with the supervising physician as to the adequacy of the fetal echocardiogram

# of Answers		Choice
(8.2%)	24	0%
(8.6%)	25	1-25%
(7.5%)	22	26-50%
(6.5%)	19	51-75%
(16.1%)	47	76-99%
(53.1%)	155	100%
292		total responses

[53] Request that the supervising physician review your fetal echocardiogram before releasing the patient

# of Answers		Choice
(12.3%)	36	0%
(15.1%)	44	1-25%
(9.2%)	27	26-50%
(8.6%)	25	51-75%
(15.4%)	45	76-99%
(39.4%)	115	100%
292		total responses

[54] Provide supervising physician with your preliminary observations

# of Answers		Choice
(6.2%)	18	0%
(5.1%)	15	1-25%
(6.2%)	18	26-50%
(2.7%)	8	51-75%
(14.4%)	42	76-99%
(65.4%)	191	100%
292		total responses

[55] Alert supervising physician of findings that may be of an emergent nature

# of Answers		Choice
(6.2%)	18	0%
(5.1%)	15	1-25%
(2.1%)	6	26-50%
(1.4%)	4	51-75%
(7.5%)	22	76-99%
(77.7%)	227	100%
292		total responses

[56] Provide referring physician with preliminary observations

# of Answers		Choice
(38.0%)	111	0%
(19.2%)	56	1-25%
(9.6%)	28	26-50%
(4.8%)	14	51-75%
(9.2%)	27	76-99%
(19.2%)	56	100%
292		total responses

[57] Alert referring physician with findings that may be of an emergent nature

# of Answers		Choice
(37.3%)	109	0%
(13.0%)	38	1-25%
(4.5%)	13	26-50%
(1.7%)	5	51-75%
(4.5%)	13	76-99%
(39.0%)	114	100%
292		total responses

[58] Perform fetal echocardiography with a supervising physician present in the laboratory

# of Answers		Choice
(15.5%)	45	0%
(18.3%)	53	1-25%
(9.0%)	26	26-50%
(9.7%)	28	51-75%
(17.2%)	50	76-99%
(30.3%)	88	100%
290		total responses

[59] How often does the supervising physician personally image the fetal heart?

# of Answers		Choice
(20.7%)	60	0%
(30.3%)	88	1-25%
(13.8%)	40	26-50%
(14.5%)	42	51-75%
(9.0%)	26	76-99%
(10.7%)	31	100%
(1.0%)	3	Exclusively (without sonographer)
290		total responses

TRAINING/EDUCATION/POLICIES

How often do you:

[60] Provide training or instruction to other sonographers in the technique/application of fetal echocardiography

# of Answers		Choice
(35.9%)	103	0%
(42.5%)	122	1-25%
(10.8%)	31	26-50%
(5.6%)	16	51-75%
(3.8%)	11	76-99%
(1.4%)	4	100%
287		total responses

[61] Provide training or instruction to physicians in the technique/application of fetal echocardiography

# of Answers		Choice
(55.4%)	159	0%
(32.1%)	92	1-25%
(7.3%)	21	26-50%
(2.8%)	8	51-75%
(2.1%)	6	76-99%
(0.3%)	1	100%
287		total responses

[62] Educate the public or other healthcare professionals in the technique/application of fetal echocardiography

# of Answers		Choice
(59.2%)	170	0%
(30.7%)	88	1-25%
(4.9%)	14	26-50%
(2.8%)	8	51-75%
(2.1%)	6	76-99%
(0.3%)	1	100%
287		total responses

[63] Participate in research projects directly related to fetal echocardiography

# of Answers		Choice
(76.3%)	219	0%
(18.5%)	53	1-25%
(2.1%)	6	26-50%
(1.4%)	4	51-75%
(1.0%)	3	76-99%
(0.7%)	2	100%
287		total responses

QUALITY ASSURANCE

How often do you:

[64] Correlate fetal echocardiographic findings with neonatal echocardiographic findings

# of Answers		Choice
(14.0%)	40	0%
(21.3%)	61	1-25%
(14.7%)	42	26-50%
(8.4%)	24	51-75%
(19.2%)	55	76-99%
(22.4%)	64	100%
286		total responses

[65] Correlate fetal echocardiographic findings with neonatal surgical findings

# of Answers		Choice
(23.8%)	68	0%
(21.7%)	62	1-25%
(9.8%)	28	26-50%
(7.3%)	21	51-75%
(18.9%)	54	76-99%
(18.5%)	53	100%
286		total responses

[66] Correlate fetal echocardiographic findings with pathology (autopsy) findings

# of Answers		Choice
(31.1%)	89	0%
(29.7%)	85	1-25%
(8.7%)	25	26-50%
(4.9%)	14	51-75%
(12.6%)	36	76-99%
(12.9%)	37	100%
286		total responses

[67] Perform regular peer review of fetal echocardiographic studies

# of Answers		Choice
(40.2%)	115	0%
(32.5%)	93	1-25%
(9.8%)	28	26-50%
(6.6%)	19	51-75%
(4.9%)	14	76-99%
(5.9%)	17	100%
286		total responses

[68] What is the accreditation status of your lab?

# of Answers		Choice
(23.9%)	68	Application in progress
(2.8%)	8	Application pending approval
(36.8%)	105	No application
(36.5%)	104	Already accredited
285		total responses

PERFORMING THE FETAL ECHOCARDIOGRAM

[69] In your lab, which of the following are indications for performing a fetal echocardiogram (mark all that apply)

# of Answers		Choice
(88.6%)	240	Chromosome abnormalities
(90.0%)	244	Family history
(84.9%)	230	Fetal arrhythmia
(74.9%)	203	Fetal extracardiac malformation
(81.2%)	220	Genetic syndromes
(62.0%)	168	Hydrops
(42.8%)	116	IUGR
(59.0%)	160	Maternal drug exposure
(73.1%)	198	Maternal indications (diabetes, lupus, PKU, etc.)
(37.3%)	101	Oligohydramnios
(40.6%)	110	Polyhydramnios
(86.0%)	233	Suspected cardiac abnormality on outside scan
(43.2%)	117	Thickened nuchal lucency
(61.3%)	166	Two-vessel umbilical cord
(31.0%)	84	Other
271		total responses

[70] At what gestational age do you perform the majority of your fetal echocardiograms?

# of Answers		Choice
(1.5%)	4	Before 16 weeks
(9.3%)	25	16-18 weeks
(36.9%)	99	18-20 weeks
(44.4%)	119	20-24 weeks
(7.8%)	21	After 24 weeks
268		total responses

[71] What percentage of fetal echocardiograms are performed transvaginally?

# of Answers		Choice
(77.1%)	209	0%
(14.0%)	38	1-5%
(4.8%)	13	6-10%
(1.8%)	5	11-25%
(1.1%)	3	26-50%
(1.1%)	3	51-75%
(0.0%)	0	76-99%
(0.0%)	0	100%
271		total responses

[72] What percentage of fetal echocardiograms yield a cardiac abnormality?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.1%)	11	0%
(34.9%)	94	1-5%
(22.7%)	61	6-10%
(17.5%)	47	11-25%
(8.2%)	22	26-50%
(5.9%)	16	51-75%
(5.9%)	16	76-99%
(0.7%)	2	100%
269		total responses

[73] What percentage of fetal echocardiograms are not deemed diagnostic?

# of Answers		Choice
(14.5%)	39	0%
(52.4%)	141	1-5%
(19.3%)	52	6-10%
(7.8%)	21	11-25%
(2.6%)	7	26-50%
(0.7%)	2	51-75%
(2.6%)	7	76-99%
(0.0%)	0	100%
269		total responses

[74] How are fetal echocardiograms recorded? (mark all that apply)

# of Answers		Choice
(76.2%)	205	Videotape
(8.9%)	24	Digital streaming video
(41.3%)	111	Digital clips
(56.5%)	152	Digital still images
(56.5%)	152	Other
269		total responses

[75] How are fetal echocardiograms reviewed by the supervising physician? (mark all that apply)

# of Answers		Choice
(72.0%)	193	Videotape
(9.3%)	25	Digital streaming video
(40.7%)	109	Digital clips
(59.3%)	159	Digital still images
(59.3%)	159	Other
268		total responses

[76] If images are not suitable for a diagnostic exam, do you and/or the supervising physician:

# of Answers		Choice
(73.2%)	197	Schedule the patient for a repeat exam
(13.0%)	35	Notify the referring physician only
(13.8%)	37	Recommend neonatal echocardiogram
269		total responses

[77] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you establish fetal position?

# of Answers		Choice
(5.6%)	15	0%
(5.2%)	14	1-25%
(4.4%)	12	26-50%
(3.3%)	9	51-75%
(13.3%)	36	76-99%
(68.1%)	184	100%
270		total responses

[78] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you assess fetal cardiac position/axis?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.8%)	13	0%
(2.2%)	6	1-25%
(4.5%)	12	26-50%
(0.7%)	2	51-75%
(13.0%)	35	76-99%
(74.7%)	201	100%
269		total responses

[79] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you assess fetal abdominal situs?

# of Answers		Choice
(5.6%)	15	0%
(7.8%)	21	1-25%
(3.0%)	8	26-50%
(2.6%)	7	51-75%
(13.8%)	37	76-99%
(67.3%)	181	100%
269		total responses

[80] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often is measuring gestational age included in the study?

# of Answers		Choice
(35.9%)	97	0%
(10.7%)	29	1-25%
(4.4%)	12	26-50%
(5.6%)	15	51-75%
(10.4%)	28	76-99%
(33.0%)	89	100%
270		total responses

[81] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate a fetal cardiac four-chamber view?

# of Answers		Choice
(2.2%)	6	0%
(0.4%)	1	1-25%
(0.7%)	2	26-50%
(0.7%)	2	51-75%
(18.9%)	51	76-99%
(77.0%)	208	100%
270		total responses

[82] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, which orientation(s) do you utilize for a fetal four-chamber view (mark all that apply)

# of Answers		Choice
(96.7%)	260	Apical 4chamber view
(55.0%)	148	Subcostal 4chamber view
(44.6%)	120	Lateral 4chamber view
(33.5%)	90	Basal 4chamber view
269		total responses

[83] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate a fetal cardiac five-chamber view?

# of Answers		Choice
(6.7%)	18	0%
(7.4%)	20	1-25%
(7.8%)	21	26-50%
(11.1%)	30	51-75%
(31.5%)	85	76-99%
(35.6%)	96	100%
270		total responses

[84] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate a fetal long axis view of the aorta?

# of Answers		Choice
(3.0%)	8	0%
(2.2%)	6	1-25%
(3.7%)	10	26-50%
(10.4%)	28	51-75%
(39.6%)	106	76-99%
(41.0%)	110	100%
268		total responses

[85] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate a fetal long axis view of the pulmonary artery?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.1%)	11	0%
(3.7%)	10	1-25%
(5.2%)	14	26-50%
(8.2%)	22	51-75%
(42.9%)	115	76-99%
(35.8%)	96	100%
268		total responses

[86] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the spatial (criss-cross) relationship of the great arteries?

# of Answers		Choice
(5.2%)	14	0%
(4.1%)	11	1-25%
(3.7%)	10	26-50%
(8.2%)	22	51-75%
(30.5%)	82	76-99%
(48.3%)	130	100%
269		total responses

[87] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate a short axis view of the great vessels?

# of Answers		Choice
(5.2%)	14	0%
(3.7%)	10	1-25%
(6.0%)	16	26-50%
(14.6%)	39	51-75%
(36.6%)	98	76-99%
(34.0%)	91	100%
268		total responses

[88] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate a short axis view of the ventricles?

# of Answers		Choice
(7.5%)	20	0%
(3.7%)	10	1-25%
(2.6%)	7	26-50%
(9.7%)	26	51-75%
(40.7%)	109	76-99%
(35.8%)	96	100%
268		total responses

[89] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the aortic arch?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.1%)	11	0%
(1.1%)	3	1-25%
(4.9%)	13	26-50%
(6.3%)	17	51-75%
(38.4%)	103	76-99%
(45.1%)	121	100%
268		total responses

[90] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the ductal arch?

# of Answers		Choice
(7.1%)	19	0%
(3.4%)	9	1-25%
(6.7%)	18	26-50%
(9.7%)	26	51-75%
(39.6%)	106	76-99%
(33.6%)	90	100%
268		total responses

[91] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the inferior vena cava?

# of Answers		Choice
(6.7%)	18	0%
(6.3%)	17	1-25%
(4.9%)	13	26-50%
(10.4%)	28	51-75%
(37.3%)	100	76-99%
(34.3%)	92	100%
268		total responses

[92] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the superior vena cava?

# of Answers		Choice
(7.8%)	21	0%
(7.1%)	19	1-25%
(9.7%)	26	26-50%
(14.2%)	38	51-75%
(35.1%)	94	76-99%
(26.1%)	70	100%
268		total responses

[93] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the pulmonary veins?

# of Answers		Choice
(9.7%)	26	0%
(14.6%)	39	1-25%
(9.7%)	26	26-50%
(17.6%)	47	51-75%
(29.6%)	79	76-99%
(18.7%)	50	100%
267		total responses

[94] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the foramen ovale?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.5%)	12	0%
(6.3%)	17	1-25%
(5.2%)	14	26-50%
(6.0%)	16	51-75%
(31.7%)	85	76-99%
(46.3%)	124	100%
268		total responses

[95] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the three-vessel view (aorta, pulmonary artery, superior vena cava)?

# of Answers		Choice
(15.7%)	42	0%
(15.7%)	42	1-25%
(14.2%)	38	26-50%
(14.6%)	39	51-75%
(27.0%)	72	76-99%
(12.7%)	34	100%
267		total responses

[96] How often do you demonstrate the number of umbilical cord vessels?

# of Answers		Choice
(10.8%)	29	0%
(8.2%)	22	1-25%
(5.2%)	14	26-50%
(5.2%)	14	51-75%
(23.8%)	64	76-99%
(46.8%)	126	100%
269		total responses

[97] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how many pulmonary veins do you routinely attempt to demonstrate on a fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(15.3%)	41	0
(4.5%)	12	1
(25.7%)	69	2
(10.1%)	27	3
(44.4%)	119	all
268		total responses

[98] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you re-orient fetal cardiac image display (invert images)?

# of Answers		Choice
(53.6%)	143	0%
(18.0%)	48	1-25%
(4.1%)	11	26-50%
(8.6%)	23	51-75%
(6.4%)	17	76-99%
(9.4%)	25	100%
267		total responses

[99] When performing a fetal echocardiogram, how often do you use three-dimensional ultrasound?

# of Answers		Choice
(89.6%)	240	0%
(6.7%)	18	1-25%
(1.9%)	5	26-50%
(1.5%)	4	51-75%
(0.4%)	1	76-99%
(0.0%)	0	100%
268		total responses

M-MODE ANALYSIS

[100] How often is M-mode included in a routine fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.5%)	12	0%
(20.1%)	54	1-25%
(10.0%)	27	26-50%
(11.9%)	32	51-75%
(15.6%)	42	76-99%
(37.9%)	102	100%
269		total responses

[101] Choose any/all situations in which you would utilize M-mode as an important diagnostic component of the fetal echocardiogram (mark all that apply):

# of Answers		Choice
(44.2%)	118	Routine chamber/vessel dimensions
(88.4%)	236	Fetal arrhythmias
(77.2%)	206	Fetal heart rate
(50.6%)	135	Fetal cardiomyopathies
(28.8%)	77	Fetal congenital heart disease
(43.4%)	116	Pericardial effusion
267		total responses

[102] How often is color M-mode included in a fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(51.9%)	139	0%
(26.9%)	72	1-25%
(5.2%)	14	26-50%
(1.9%)	5	51-75%
(3.7%)	10	76-99%
(10.4%)	28	100%
268		total responses

DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

[103] How often is pulsed-wave Doppler included in a fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(6.7%)	18	0%
(12.0%)	32	1-25%
(6.7%)	18	26-50%
(6.4%)	17	51-75%
(20.2%)	54	76-99%
(47.9%)	128	100%
267		total responses

As part of your routine fetal echocardiogram, how often do you use pulsed-wave Doppler to assess flow across/within the:

[104] Tricuspid valve

# of Answers		Choice
(13.5%)	36	0%
(19.5%)	52	1-25%
(8.6%)	23	26-50%
(6.4%)	17	51-75%
(18.7%)	50	76-99%
(33.3%)	89	100%
267		total responses

[105] Mitral valve

# of Answers		Choice
(13.9%)	37	0%
(14.6%)	39	1-25%
(9.7%)	26	26-50%
(6.7%)	18	51-75%
(19.9%)	53	76-99%
(35.2%)	94	100%
267		total responses

[106] Aortic valve

# of Answers		Choice
(13.1%)	35	0%
(11.6%)	31	1-25%
(8.6%)	23	26-50%
(7.9%)	21	51-75%
(19.5%)	52	76-99%
(39.3%)	105	100%
267		total responses

[107] Pulmonary valve

# of Answers		Choice
(13.9%)	37	0%
(15.4%)	41	1-25%
(6.4%)	17	26-50%
(8.2%)	22	51-75%
(16.5%)	44	76-99%
(39.7%)	106	100%
267		total responses

[108] Inferior Vena Cava

# of Answers		Choice
(31.6%)	84	0%
(26.7%)	71	1-25%
(10.9%)	29	26-50%
(9.4%)	25	51-75%
(9.8%)	26	76-99%
(11.7%)	31	100%
266		total responses

[109] Superior Vena Cava

# of Answers		Choice
(33.3%)	88	0%
(30.3%)	80	1-25%
(11.7%)	31	26-50%
(9.1%)	24	51-75%
(8.3%)	22	76-99%
(7.2%)	19	100%
264		total responses

[110] Ductus venosus

# of Answers		Choice
(30.6%)	81	0%
(26.4%)	70	1-25%
(7.2%)	19	26-50%
(7.9%)	21	51-75%
(13.6%)	36	76-99%
(14.3%)	38	100%
265		total responses

[111] Aortic arch

# of Answers		Choice
(16.2%)	43	0%
(17.7%)	47	1-25%
(8.3%)	22	26-50%
(6.8%)	18	51-75%
(17.4%)	46	76-99%
(33.6%)	89	100%
265		total responses

[112] Ductal arch

# of Answers		Choice
(22.3%)	59	0%
(17.0%)	45	1-25%
(6.4%)	17	26-50%
(12.5%)	33	51-75%
(14.3%)	38	76-99%
(27.5%)	73	100%
265		total responses

[113] Foramen Ovale

# of Answers		Choice
(24.9%)	66	0%
(25.7%)	68	1-25%
(9.4%)	25	26-50%
(8.3%)	22	51-75%
(13.2%)	35	76-99%
(18.5%)	49	100%
265		total responses

[114] Umbilical Artery

# of Answers		Choice
(22.6%)	60	0%
(17.0%)	45	1-25%
(9.8%)	26	26-50%
(9.4%)	25	51-75%
(13.2%)	35	76-99%
(27.9%)	74	100%
265		total responses

[115] Umbilical Vein

# of Answers		Choice
(34.0%)	90	0%
(19.2%)	51	1-25%
(7.9%)	21	26-50%
(7.9%)	21	51-75%
(11.3%)	30	76-99%
(19.6%)	52	100%
265		total responses

[116] Middle cerebral artery

# of Answers		Choice
(57.7%)	153	0%
(22.6%)	60	1-25%
(5.7%)	15	26-50%
(3.8%)	10	51-75%
(5.3%)	14	76-99%
(4.9%)	13	100%
265		total responses

As part of your routine fetal echocardiogram, how often do you use pulsed-wave Doppler to assess:

[117] Aortic regurgitation or stenosis

# of Answers		Choice
(15.5%)	41	0%
(19.2%)	51	1-25%
(4.5%)	12	26-50%
(5.3%)	14	51-75%
(13.6%)	36	76-99%
(41.9%)	111	100%
265		total responses

[118] Pulmonary regurgitation or stenosis

# of Answers		Choice
(17.7%)	47	0%
(17.7%)	47	1-25%
(3.8%)	10	26-50%
(7.9%)	21	51-75%
(12.8%)	34	76-99%
(40.0%)	106	100%
265		total responses

[119] Tricuspid regurgitation or stenosis

# of Answers		Choice
(18.6%)	49	0%
(17.8%)	47	1-25%
(6.4%)	17	26-50%
(6.1%)	16	51-75%
(14.0%)	37	76-99%
(37.1%)	98	100%
264		total responses

[120] Mitral regurgitation or stenosis

# of Answers		Choice
(17.4%)	46	0%
(17.4%)	46	1-25%
(4.9%)	13	26-50%
(8.0%)	21	51-75%
(14.8%)	39	76-99%
(37.5%)	99	100%
264		total responses

[121] How often do you perform pulsed-wave Doppler proximal to cardiac valves?

# of Answers		Choice
(19.7%)	52	0%
(22.3%)	59	1-25%
(9.1%)	24	26-50%
(9.8%)	26	51-75%
(16.3%)	43	76-99%
(22.7%)	60	100%
264		total responses

[122] How often do you perform pulsed-wave Doppler distal to cardiac valves?

# of Answers		Choice
(16.3%)	43	0%
(19.7%)	52	1-25%
(9.1%)	24	26-50%
(9.8%)	26	51-75%
(14.8%)	39	76-99%
(30.3%)	80	100%
264		total responses

[123] In which settings do you utilize pulsed-wave Doppler as part of the fetal echocardiogram (mark all that apply)?

# of Answers		Choice
(70.0%)	184	Routine (all studies)
(49.0%)	129	Fetal arrythmias
(68.8%)	181	Valvular abnormalities
(57.0%)	150	Intracardiac shunts
263		total responses

[124] How often do you perform continuous wave Doppler as part of the fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(21.6%)	57	0%
(37.5%)	99	1-25%
(11.7%)	31	26-50%
(12.1%)	32	51-75%
(6.1%)	16	76-99%
(11.0%)	29	100%
264		total responses

[125] In which settings do you utilize continuous wave Doppler as part of the fetal echocardiogram (mark all that apply)?

# of Answers		Choice
(74.7%)	195	Valve stenosis
(42.9%)	112	Valve regurgitation
(34.9%)	91	Intracardiac shunts
(33.7%)	88	Other
261		total responses

[126] How often do you perform color flow Doppler as part of the fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.9%)	13	0%
(8.3%)	22	1-25%
(6.8%)	18	26-50%
(4.1%)	11	51-75%
(12.8%)	34	76-99%
(63.2%)	168	100%
266		total responses

[127] In which settings do you utilize color flow Doppler as part of the fetal echocardiogram (mark all that apply)?

# of Answers		Choice
(84.7%)	222	Valve regurgitation
(85.1%)	223	Valve stenosis
(80.9%)	212	Intracardiac shunts
(17.9%)	47	Pericardial effusion
(36.6%)	96	Other
262		total responses

[128] How often do you utilize harmonic imaging as part of the fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(24.2%)	64	0%
(16.3%)	43	1-25%
(11.0%)	29	26-50%
(12.9%)	34	51-75%
(20.5%)	54	76-99%
(15.2%)	40	100%
264		total responses

[129] How often do you utilize compound imaging as part of the fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(61.7%)	163	0%
(12.9%)	34	1-25%
(9.1%)	24	26-50%
(8.3%)	22	51-75%
(6.4%)	17	76-99%
(1.5%)	4	100%
264		total responses

[130] How often does harmonic imaging improve the fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(23.4%)	62	0%
(17.4%)	46	1-25%
(11.3%)	30	26-50%
(18.5%)	49	51-75%
(21.5%)	57	76-99%
(7.9%)	21	100%
265		total responses

[131] How often does compound imaging improve the fetal echocardiogram?

# of Answers		Choice
(59.8%)	158	0%
(17.0%)	45	1-25%
(8.7%)	23	26-50%
(6.4%)	17	51-75%
(5.7%)	15	76-99%
(2.3%)	6	100%
264		total responses

QUANTITATION

How often do you routinely measure each of the following:

[132] Fetal heart rate

# of Answers		Choice
(1.5%)	4	0%
(7.4%)	20	1-25%
(3.3%)	9	26-50%
(5.2%)	14	51-75%
(11.2%)	30	76-99%
(71.4%)	192	100%
269		total responses

[133] LV shortening fraction

# of Answers		Choice
(32.1%)	85	0%
(22.6%)	60	1-25%
(10.6%)	28	26-50%
(9.8%)	26	51-75%
(11.3%)	30	76-99%
(13.6%)	36	100%
265		total responses

[134] LV ejection fraction

# of Answers		Choice
(38.9%)	103	0%
(26.8%)	71	1-25%
(7.2%)	19	26-50%
(6.8%)	18	51-75%
(10.2%)	27	76-99%
(10.2%)	27	100%
265		total responses

[135] RV shortening fraction

# of Answers		Choice
(64.9%)	172	0%
(21.5%)	57	1-25%
(4.9%)	13	26-50%
(3.8%)	10	51-75%
(3.4%)	9	76-99%
(1.5%)	4	100%
265		total responses

[136] RV ejection fraction

# of Answers		Choice
(67.2%)	178	0%
(21.1%)	56	1-25%
(4.2%)	11	26-50%
(3.0%)	8	51-75%
(3.0%)	8	76-99%
(1.5%)	4	100%
265		total responses

How often do you routinely utilize the following two-dimensional measurements:

[137] Aortic valve annulus

# of Answers		Choice
(22.6%)	60	0%
(25.7%)	68	1-25%
(14.0%)	37	26-50%
(8.7%)	23	51-75%
(10.6%)	28	76-99%
(18.5%)	49	100%
265		total responses

[138] Pulmonary valve annulus

# of Answers		Choice
(25.8%)	68	0%
(30.3%)	80	1-25%
(12.1%)	32	26-50%
(8.3%)	22	51-75%
(9.5%)	25	76-99%
(14.0%)	37	100%
264		total responses

[139] Mitral valve annulus

# of Answers		Choice
(30.3%)	80	0%
(35.2%)	93	1-25%
(11.7%)	31	26-50%
(7.6%)	20	51-75%
(7.2%)	19	76-99%
(8.0%)	21	100%
264		total responses

[140] Tricuspid valve annulus

# of Answers		Choice
(32.6%)	86	0%
(33.0%)	87	1-25%
(10.6%)	28	26-50%
(8.0%)	21	51-75%
(8.0%)	21	76-99%
(8.0%)	21	100%
264		total responses

[141] Main pulmonary artery

# of Answers		Choice
(22.7%)	60	0%
(31.4%)	83	1-25%
(14.0%)	37	26-50%
(11.0%)	29	51-75%
(9.1%)	24	76-99%
(11.7%)	31	100%
264		total responses

[142] Branch pulmonary arteries

# of Answers		Choice
(33.7%)	89	0%
(36.0%)	95	1-25%
(13.3%)	35	26-50%
(8.0%)	21	51-75%
(5.3%)	14	76-99%
(3.8%)	10	100%
264		total responses

[143] Aortic arch

# of Answers		Choice
(22.7%)	60	0%
(33.7%)	89	1-25%
(12.5%)	33	26-50%
(8.7%)	23	51-75%
(12.9%)	34	76-99%
(9.5%)	25	100%
264		total responses

[144] Ductal arch

# of Answers		Choice
(35.2%)	93	0%
(32.6%)	86	1-25%
(9.5%)	25	26-50%
(9.1%)	24	51-75%
(8.3%)	22	76-99%
(5.3%)	14	100%
264		total responses

[145] Chamber size

# of Answers		Choice
(18.6%)	49	0%
(21.2%)	56	1-25%
(13.3%)	35	26-50%
(10.2%)	27	51-75%
(14.4%)	38	76-99%
(22.3%)	59	100%
264		total responses

[146] Ventricular septal and wall thickness

# of Answers		Choice
(20.1%)	53	0%
(26.9%)	71	1-25%
(12.1%)	32	26-50%
(11.0%)	29	51-75%
(12.9%)	34	76-99%
(17.0%)	45	100%
264		total responses

ANATOMY

As part of your routine fetal echocardiogram, how often do you demonstrate the:

[147] Right atrium

# of Answers		Choice
(3.8%)	10	0%
(0.4%)	1	1-25%
(0.4%)	1	26-50%
(2.3%)	6	51-75%
(23.9%)	63	76-99%
(69.3%)	183	100%
264		total responses

[148] Right vertricle

# of Answers		Choice
(3.8%)	10	0%
(0.4%)	1	1-25%
(0.8%)	2	26-50%
(1.9%)	5	51-75%
(24.2%)	64	76-99%
(68.9%)	182	100%
264		total responses

[149] Left atrium

# of Answers		Choice
(3.8%)	10	0%
(0.4%)	1	1-25%
(0.0%)	0	26-50%
(1.5%)	4	51-75%
(24.0%)	63	76-99%
(70.3%)	185	100%
263		total responses

[150] Left ventricle

# of Answers		Choice
(3.8%)	10	0%
(0.4%)	1	1-25%
(0.0%)	0	26-50%
(1.1%)	3	51-75%
(23.1%)	61	76-99%
(71.6%)	189	100%
264		total responses

[151] Tricuspid valve

# of Answers		Choice
(3.8%)	10	0%
(1.1%)	3	1-25%
(1.5%)	4	26-50%
(4.5%)	12	51-75%
(22.7%)	60	76-99%
(66.3%)	175	100%
264		total responses

[152] Mitral valve

# of Answers		Choice
(4.2%)	11	0%
(1.1%)	3	1-25%
(1.5%)	4	26-50%
(2.7%)	7	51-75%
(23.9%)	63	76-99%
(66.7%)	176	100%
264		total responses

[153] Pulmonary valve

# of Answers		Choice
(5.7%)	15	0%
(3.0%)	8	1-25%
(3.0%)	8	26-50%
(7.6%)	20	51-75%
(24.6%)	65	76-99%
(56.1%)	148	100%
264		total responses

[154] Aortic valve

# of Answers		Choice
(5.7%)	15	0%
(2.3%)	6	1-25%
(2.7%)	7	26-50%
(4.5%)	12	51-75%
(24.6%)	65	76-99%
(60.2%)	159	100%
264		total responses

[155] Main pulmonary artery

# of Answers		Choice
(4.9%)	13	0%
(1.5%)	4	1-25%
(3.4%)	9	26-50%
(4.9%)	13	51-75%
(28.4%)	75	76-99%
(56.8%)	150	100%
264		total responses

[156] Branch pulmonary arteries

# of Answers		Choice
(7.6%)	20	0%
(6.4%)	17	1-25%
(9.8%)	26	26-50%
(10.6%)	28	51-75%
(29.2%)	77	76-99%
(36.4%)	96	100%
264		total responses

[157] Pulmonary veins

# of Answers		Choice
(9.5%)	25	0%
(13.3%)	35	1-25%
(12.1%)	32	26-50%
(13.6%)	36	51-75%
(30.7%)	81	76-99%
(20.8%)	55	100%
264		total responses

[158] Atrial septum and foramen ovale

# of Answers		Choice
(4.2%)	11	0%
(0.4%)	1	1-25%
(2.3%)	6	26-50%
(4.9%)	13	51-75%
(30.3%)	80	76-99%
(58.0%)	153	100%
264		total responses

[159] Ventricular septum

# of Answers		Choice
(4.2%)	11	0%
(0.8%)	2	1-25%
(0.4%)	1	26-50%
(2.3%)	6	51-75%
(24.2%)	64	76-99%
(68.2%)	180	100%
264		total responses

[160] Inferior vena cava

# of Answers		Choice
(6.8%)	18	0%
(6.1%)	16	1-25%
(7.2%)	19	26-50%
(9.1%)	24	51-75%
(31.1%)	82	76-99%
(39.8%)	105	100%
264		total responses

[161] Superior vena cava

# of Answers		Choice
(6.1%)	16	0%
(11.4%)	30	1-25%
(7.6%)	20	26-50%
(9.5%)	25	51-75%
(33.0%)	87	76-99%
(32.6%)	86	100%
264		total responses

[162] Coronary sinus

# of Answers		Choice
(15.9%)	42	0%
(28.8%)	76	1-25%
(12.5%)	33	26-50%
(13.6%)	36	51-75%
(17.8%)	47	76-99%
(11.4%)	30	100%
264		total responses

[163] Aortic arch

# of Answers		Choice
(4.2%)	11	0%
(2.3%)	6	1-25%
(4.2%)	11	26-50%
(4.5%)	12	51-75%
(33.0%)	87	76-99%
(51.9%)	137	100%
264		total responses

[164] Ductal arch

# of Answers		Choice
(8.3%)	22	0%
(6.1%)	16	1-25%
(4.9%)	13	26-50%
(7.2%)	19	51-75%
(35.6%)	94	76-99%
(37.9%)	100	100%
264		total responses

[165] Brachiocephalic vessels

# of Answers		Choice
(14.0%)	37	0%
(15.5%)	41	1-25%
(10.6%)	28	26-50%
(15.5%)	41	51-75%
(27.7%)	73	76-99%
(16.7%)	44	100%
264		total responses

[166] Left ventricular outflow tract

# of Answers		Choice
(5.3%)	14	0%
(0.8%)	2	1-25%
(1.1%)	3	26-50%
(5.7%)	15	51-75%
(30.3%)	80	76-99%
(56.8%)	150	100%
264		total responses

[167] Right ventricular outflow tract

# of Answers		Choice
(6.1%)	16	0%
(0.4%)	1	1-25%
(3.4%)	9	26-50%
(5.3%)	14	51-75%
(30.7%)	81	76-99%
(54.2%)	143	100%
264		total responses

[168] Umbilical cord vessels

# of Answers		Choice
(11.7%)	31	0%
(8.7%)	23	1-25%
(4.5%)	12	26-50%
(7.2%)	19	51-75%
(20.1%)	53	76-99%
(47.7%)	126	100%
264		total responses

[169] Abdominal organs/situs (stomach, liver, spleen)

# of Answers		Choice
(5.7%)	15	0%
(5.7%)	15	1-25%
(5.7%)	15	26-50%
(4.9%)	13	51-75%
(22.3%)	59	76-99%
(55.7%)	147	100%
264		total responses

[170] How often do you evaluate anatomic markers of cardiac morphology (foramen ovale, moderator band, papillary muscles, etc.)?

# of Answers		Choice
(4.9%)	13	0%
(2.3%)	6	1-25%
(5.7%)	15	26-50%
(6.8%)	18	51-75%
(24.7%)	65	76-99%
(55.5%)	146	100%
263		total responses

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

Per year, approximately how many fetuses with each diagnosis do you identify in your lab?

[171] Aortic valve disease (regurgitation, stenosis, dysplasia)

# of Answers		Choice
(17.3%)	45	None
(43.5%)	113	1-5
(23.8%)	62	6-10
(8.5%)	22	11-20
(6.9%)	18	20+
260		total responses

[172] Mitral valve disease (regurgitation, stenosis, dysplasia)

# of Answers		Choice
(19.2%)	50	None
(54.2%)	141	1-5
(16.2%)	42	6-10
(7.7%)	20	11-20
(2.7%)	7	20+
260		total responses

[173] Tricuspid valve disease (regurgitation, stenosis, dysplasia)

# of Answers		Choice
(22.3%)	58	None
(51.5%)	134	1-5
(12.7%)	33	6-10
(6.5%)	17	11-20
(6.9%)	18	20+
260		total responses

[174] Ebstein anomaly

# of Answers		Choice
(25.4%)	66	None
(70.4%)	183	1-5
(3.5%)	9	6-10
(0.8%)	2	11-20
(0.0%)	0	20+
260		total responses

[175] Pulmonary valve disease (regurgitation, stenosis, dysplasia)

# of Answers		Choice
(18.5%)	48	None
(48.8%)	127	1-5
(20.8%)	54	6-10
(7.7%)	20	11-20
(4.2%)	11	20+
260		total responses

[176] Ventricular septal defects

# of Answers		Choice
(10.4%)	27	None
(32.7%)	85	1-5
(28.8%)	75	6-10
(13.1%)	34	11-20
(15.0%)	39	20+
260		total responses

[177] Atrial septal defects

# of Answers		Choice
(17.3%)	45	None
(39.2%)	102	1-5
(20.4%)	53	6-10
(12.3%)	32	11-20
(10.8%)	28	20+
260		total responses

[178] Atrioventricular septal defects

# of Answers		Choice
(16.2%)	42	None
(45.8%)	119	1-5
(22.7%)	59	6-10
(9.6%)	25	11-20
(5.8%)	15	20+
260		total responses

[179] Pulmonary venous anomalies

# of Answers		Choice
(42.3%)	110	None
(48.1%)	125	1-5
(6.5%)	17	6-10
(1.9%)	5	11-20
(1.2%)	3	20+
260		total responses

[180] Systemic venous anomalies

# of Answers		Choice
(44.6%)	116	None
(47.3%)	123	1-5
(5.8%)	15	6-10
(1.9%)	5	11-20
(0.4%)	1	20+
260		total responses

[181] Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (and variants)

# of Answers		Choice
(16.5%)	43	None
(56.2%)	146	1-5
(18.1%)	47	6-10
(4.6%)	12	11-20
(4.6%)	12	20+
260		total responses

[182] Hypoplastic right heart (tricuspid atresia and variants)

# of Answers		Choice
(25.0%)	65	None
(57.3%)	149	1-5
(12.3%)	32	6-10
(3.5%)	9	11-20
(1.9%)	5	20+
260		total responses

[183] Complex single ventricle

# of Answers		Choice
(32.7%)	85	None
(56.9%)	148	1-5
(5.8%)	15	6-10
(3.5%)	9	11-20
(1.2%)	3	20+
260		total responses

[184] d-Transposition of the Great Arteries (d-TGA)

# of Answers		Choice
(22.7%)	59	None
(63.8%)	166	1-5
(9.6%)	25	6-10
(3.1%)	8	11-20
(0.8%)	2	20+
260		total responses

[185] Truncus arteriosus

# of Answers		Choice
(41.9%)	109	None
(54.2%)	141	1-5
(3.1%)	8	6-10
(0.4%)	1	11-20
(0.4%)	1	20+
260		total responses

[186] Tetralogy of Fallot

# of Answers		Choice
(17.3%)	45	None
(60.0%)	156	1-5
(15.8%)	41	6-10
(5.4%)	14	11-20
(1.5%)	4	20+
260		total responses

[187] Double outlet right ventricle

# of Answers		Choice
(33.1%)	86	None
(56.9%)	148	1-5
(8.1%)	21	6-10
(1.2%)	3	11-20
(0.8%)	2	20+
260		total responses

[188] Coarctation of the aorta

# of Answers		Choice
(26.2%)	68	None
(58.8%)	153	1-5
(9.6%)	25	6-10
(3.5%)	9	11-20
(1.9%)	5	20+
260		total responses

[189] Pulmonary valve atresia

# of Answers		Choice
(32.7%)	85	None
(58.8%)	153	1-5
(5.8%)	15	6-10
(2.3%)	6	11-20
(0.4%)	1	20+
260		total responses

[190] Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

# of Answers		Choice
(37.3%)	97	None
(51.5%)	134	1-5
(8.1%)	21	6-10
(2.3%)	6	11-20
(0.8%)	2	20+
260		total responses

[191] Dilated cardiomyopathy

# of Answers		Choice
(39.6%)	103	None
(53.5%)	139	1-5
(5.8%)	15	6-10
(0.8%)	2	11-20
(0.4%)	1	20+
260		total responses

[192] Tumors/masses

# of Answers		Choice
(41.5%)	108	None
(52.3%)	136	1-5
(3.8%)	10	6-10
(1.5%)	4	11-20
(0.8%)	2	20+
260		total responses

FETAL ARRYTHMIAS

[193] What percentage of fetal echocardiograms are performed to evaluate a fetal arrythmia?

# of Answers		Choice
(6.9%)	18	0%
(58.1%)	151	1-25%
(18.1%)	47	26-50%
(11.9%)	31	51-75%
(2.7%)	7	76-99%
(2.3%)	6	100%
260		total responses

Of the fetal arrythmias you have evaluated in the last year, what percentage of these were:

[194] Premature atrial contractions

# of Answers		Choice
(14.3%)	37	0%
(18.1%)	47	1-5%
(6.9%)	18	6-10%
(11.2%)	29	11-25%
(16.2%)	42	26-50%
(22.0%)	57	51-75%
(11.2%)	29	76-100%
259		total responses

[195] Premature ventricular contractions

# of Answers		Choice
(16.2%)	42	0%
(39.8%)	103	1-5%
(15.4%)	40	6-10%
(14.3%)	37	11-25%
(9.7%)	25	26-50%
(4.6%)	12	51-75%
(0.0%)	0	76-100%
259		total responses

[196] Atrial flutter

# of Answers		Choice
(34.4%)	89	0%
(49.4%)	128	1-5%
(6.9%)	18	6-10%
(5.4%)	14	11-25%
(2.7%)	7	26-50%
(1.2%)	3	51-75%
(0.0%)	0	76-100%
259		total responses

[197] Supraventricular tachycardia

# of Answers		Choice
(25.1%)	65	0%
(46.7%)	121	1-5%
(12.4%)	32	6-10%
(5.0%)	13	11-25%
(7.3%)	19	26-50%
(3.1%)	8	51-75%
(0.4%)	1	76-100%
259		total responses

[198] Ventricular tachycardia

# of Answers		Choice
(51.7%)	134	0%
(34.7%)	90	1-5%
(6.6%)	17	6-10%
(2.7%)	7	11-25%
(2.7%)	7	26-50%
(1.5%)	4	51-75%
(0.0%)	0	76-100%
259		total responses

[199] Fetal bradycardia

# of Answers		Choice
(13.9%)	36	0%
(49.8%)	129	1-5%
(17.8%)	46	6-10%
(8.5%)	22	11-25%
(5.8%)	15	26-50%
(3.5%)	9	51-75%
(0.8%)	2	76-100%
259		total responses

[200] Fetal heart block

# of Answers		Choice
(35.5%)	92	0%
(49.8%)	129	1-5%
(8.1%)	21	6-10%
(3.9%)	10	11-25%
(0.8%)	2	26-50%
(1.9%)	5	51-75%
(0.0%)	0	76-100%
259		total responses