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Tests prior to October 15, 2021:
| Obstetrics & Gynecology (OB\GYN) Outline |
| Anatomy and Physiology 25% |
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology |
| GYN |
| Assess both adnexa (i.e., ovaries, fallopian tubes) |
| Assess the endometrium |
| Assess the uterus (i.e., position, orientation, contour) |
| Assess the cervix |
| Assess the cul-de-sacs |
| Assess patients of reproductive age |
| Assess postmenopausal patients |
| Assess premenarcheal patients |
| OB |
| Identify structures in the first trimester obstetrical exam at less than 10 weeks (i.e., decidual reaction, gestational sac, yolk sac, embryo) |
| Identify fetal anatomy in the first trimester obstetrical exam at 10-14 weeks (i.e., calvarium, stomach, cord insertion, extremities) |
| Identify multiple gestations (i.e., fetal number, chorionicity/amnionicity) |
| Assess the placenta (i.e., size, location) |
| Assess the umbilical cord (i.e., insertion into placenta, vessel number) |
| Assess amnionic fluid volume |
| Assess fetal lie and presentation |
| Assess the fetal heart (i.e., axis, chambers, outflow tracts) |
| Assess the neck |
| Assess intracranial structures |
| Assess the facial anatomy (i.e., nose, lips, nasal bones, orbits, profile) |
| Assess the diaphragm |
| Assess the thorax (i.e., thymus, lungs) |
| Assess the abdomen (i.e., gallbladder, stomach, liver) |
| Assess the skeletal system (e.g., cranial contour, long bones evaluation, ribs, vertebrae, skull, spine) |
| Assess the ankles and feet |
| Assess the hands/fingers |
| Assess the genitalia |
| Pathology 41% |
| Abnormal Physiology and Perfusion |
| GYN |
| Identify adnexal pathology other than ovarian |
| Identify ovarian pathology |
| Identify endometrial pathology (i.e., polyps, hyperplasia) |
| Identify uterine masses (e.g., leiomyomas, sarcomas) |
| Identify Müllerian duct developmental anomalies (e.g., septated, subseptate, bicornuate, unicornis uterus) |
| Identify adenomyosis |
| Identify cervical pathology (e.g., polyps) |
| Identify free fluid in the pelvis |
| Identify vaginal pathology (e.g., imperforated hymen) |
| OB |
| Identify maternal pelvic pathology |
| Congenital Anomalies |
| Assess multiple gestations (e.g., conjoined twins, acardiac twin, twin to twin transfusion syndrome, discordance) |
| Identify abnormal multiple gestations |
| Identify molar degeneration |
| Identify ectopic pregnancy |
| Identify embryonic/fetal demise |
| Identify anembryonic pregnancy |
| Identify abnormal trisomy (e.g., 13, 18, 21) |
| Identify abnormal congenital anomalies |
| Identify abnormal amniotic fluid volume |
| Identify abnormal fetal growth |
| Identify abnormal yolk sac |
| Identify abnormal central nervous system anomaly (e.g., anencephaly, acrania, hydranencephaly, Dandy-Walker malformation, encephalocele) |
| Identify abnormal intracranial structures (e.g., choroid plexus cyst) |
| Identify a thickened nuchal translucency |
| Identify abnormal face (i.e., nose/ lips, orbits, profile) |
| Identify abnormal neck (e.g., goiter, cystic hygroma) |
| Identify abnormal fetal heart (e.g., axis, chambers, outflow tracts) |
| Identify abnormal diaphragm |
| Identify abnormal thorax |
| Identify abnormal abdomen (e.g., gallbladder, stomach, liver) |
| Identify abnormal abdominal wall defect (e.g., omphalocele, gastroschisis) |
| Identify abnormal umbilical cord (e.g., insertion, vessels) |
| Identify abnormal gastrointestinal system (e.g., echogenic bowel, duodenal atresia, bowel obstruction, esophageal atresia, cysts) |
| Identify abnormal genitourinary system (e.g., hydronephrosis, cystic renal dysplasia, hydroureter, renal agenesis, bladder outlet obstruction, ureterocele, abnormal genitalia, ovarian cyst) |
| Identify abnormal genitalia |
| Identify abnormal skeletal system (e.g., skull, spine) |
| Identify abnormal ankles and feet (e.g., club feet, polydactyly) |
| Identify abnormal hands/fingers |
| Placental Abnormalities |
| Identify previa |
| Identify vasa previa |
| Identify subchorionic hemorrhage |
| Identify abruption |
| Identify accreta, increta, percreta |
| Identify infarction |
| Identify abnormal membrane/insertion shape (i.e., circumvallate) |
| Identify accessory lobe |
| Identify masses (e.g., chorioangioma) |
| Protocols 25% |
| Clinical Standards and Guidelines |
| Obtain pertinent clinical history as a part of the exam |
| Correlate previous exams |
| Review lab results as a part of the exam (e.g., hCG levels, CA 125) |
| Perform quality assurance checks on the equipment |
| Perform transabdominal technique |
| Perform transvaginal technique |
| Perform translabial technique |
| Measurement Techniques |
| GYN |
| Measure endometrium thickness |
| Measure ovarian dimensions |
| Measure uterine dimensions |
| Measure cervical length |
| OB |
| Perform biophysical profiles |
| Measure amniotic fluid (i.e., amniotic fluid index, deepest pocket) |
| Measure crown rump length |
| Measure mean sac diameter |
| Measure the yolk sac |
| Measure biparietal diameter |
| Measure biparietal diameter corrected |
| Measure head circumference |
| Measure cisterna magnum |
| Measure cerebellum |
| Measure transverse cerebellar diameter |
| Measure cerebral lateral ventricle |
| Measure cephalic index |
| Measure nuchal translucency in first trimester |
| Measure nuchal fold between 15 and 20 weeks' gestation |
| Measure orbital, intraorbital and outer orbital diameters |
| Measure nasal bone |
| Measure abdomen circumference |
| Measure humerus length |
| Measure femur length |
| Measure other long bones (e.g., radius, ulna, tibia) |
| Physics and Instrumentation 8% |
| Hemodynamics |
| GYN |
| Assess ovarian vasculature with Doppler |
| Assess the uterine arteries with Doppler |
| Assess arteriovenous malformations using Doppler |
| OB |
| Assess embryonic and/or fetal heart rate and rhythm with M-mode |
| Assess the middle cerebral artery with Doppler |
| Assess the ductus venosus |
| Assess fetal heart rate using Doppler |
| Assess the umbilical cord vessels with Doppler |
| Imaging Instruments |
| Apply M-mode |
| Apply color flow imaging |
| Apply power (angio, amplitude) Doppler |
| Apply pulsed spectral Doppler |
| Apply harmonics |
| Perform 3-D imaging |
| Apply knowledge of artifacts |
| Treatment 1% |
| Sonographer Role in Procedures |
| Provide guidance for sonohysterography |
| Provide guidance for amniocentesis after 15 weeks |
| Provide guidance for chorionic villus sampling |
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